On a Casimir-Dark Energy Nano Reactor
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, March 2015
Pages:
12-16
Received:
12 February 2015
Accepted:
27 February 2015
Published:
3 March 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.nano.20150302.11
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Abstract: The paper is a general outline of the theoretical principle and basic design concepts of a proposed Casimir dark energy nano reactor. In a nutshell the theory and consequently the actual design depends crucially upon the equivalence between the dark energy density of the cosmos and the faint local Casimir effect produced by two sides boundary condition quantum waves. This Casimir effect is then colossally amplified as a one sided quantum wave pushing from the inside against the Möbius-like boundary with nothing balancing it from the non-existent outside. In view of our theory, this is essentially what led to the observed accelerated expansion of the cosmos. As in any reactor, the basic principle in the present design is to produce a gradient so that the excess energy on one side flows to the other side. Thus in principle we will restructure the local topology of space using material nanoscience technology to create an artificial local high dimensionality with a Dvoretzky theorem like volume measure concentration. Without going into the intricate nonlinear dynamics and technological detail, it is fair to say that this would be pure, clean, free energy obtained directly from the topology of spacetime. Needless to say the entire design is based completely on the theory of quantum wave dark energy proposed by the present author for the first time in 2011 in a conference held in the Bibliotheca Alexandrina, Egypt and a little later in Shanghai, Republic of China.
Abstract: The paper is a general outline of the theoretical principle and basic design concepts of a proposed Casimir dark energy nano reactor. In a nutshell the theory and consequently the actual design depends crucially upon the equivalence between the dark energy density of the cosmos and the faint local Casimir effect produced by two sides boundary condi...
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The Effect of Aggressive Biological Materials on a Painted Automotive Body Surface Roughness
Mohammad Shukri Alsoufi,
Tahani Mohammad Bawazeer
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, March 2015
Pages:
17-26
Received:
27 February 2015
Accepted:
9 March 2015
Published:
14 March 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.nano.20150302.12
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Abstract: There are different aggressive biological materials which may potentially deposit on a painted automotive body surface during its service life, causing possible local damage, loss of appearance and loss of protective aspects of the system. In this study, the effect of two types of aggressive biological materials on a painted automotive body surface, i.e., natural bird droppings and raw eggs were studied and subsequently explained in more detail. Furthermore, two different testing conditions approaches including in-door and out-door were utilized in order to investigate the surface roughness, Ra, and also to study the behavior of biologically degraded automotive body surface at nano-level scale. The effects of these biological materials on a painted automotive body surface and its appearance were investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and a stylus-based inductive gauge (Taly-surf®, from Taylor Hobson, Inc.), having electromagnetic control of the contact force. Engaged vertically on the top of the specimens, the force could be set much lower than the weight. Results showed that natural bird droppings and raw eggs have a dramatic effect on the appearance and surface roughness of a painted automotive surface body. It was also found that the degradation which occurred due to the natural bird droppings was more severe than that of the samples exposed to raw eggs.
Abstract: There are different aggressive biological materials which may potentially deposit on a painted automotive body surface during its service life, causing possible local damage, loss of appearance and loss of protective aspects of the system. In this study, the effect of two types of aggressive biological materials on a painted automotive body surface...
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Synthesis of Zn0.5CoxMg0.5-xFe2O4 Nano-Ferrites Using Co-Precipitation Method and Its Structural and Optical Properties
Abdulmajid Abdallah Mirghni,
Mohamed Ahmed Siddig,
Mohamed Ibrahim Omer,
Abdelrahman Ahmed Elbadawi,
Abdalrawf Ismail Ahmed
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, March 2015
Pages:
27-32
Received:
26 February 2015
Accepted:
10 March 2015
Published:
21 March 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.nano.20150302.13
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Abstract: In this work, cobalt (Co) substituted magnesium Zinc nanocrystalline spinel ferrites having general formula Zn0.5CoxMg0.5-xFe2O4 (with x=0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) were synthesized using chemical co-precipitation method. The Cobalt substituted magnesium was annealed at 450Cand characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-visible spectroscopy. XRD analysis confirmed the formation of single phase spinel structure. The crystalline size was calculated using Scherer's formula and wasfound to be in 21.44 – 25.03 nm range. The lattice constant was found to decreases as substitution of Co is further increased. The decrease in lattice constant may attribute to the smallerionic radius of Co as compared to Zinc ion. The FTIR spectra for the samples measured in the range of 4000-400 cm-1exhibited symmetric stretching mode of vibration of tetrahedral and octahedral sites. The energy band gaps of the materials were calculated and were found to be in the range of 4.5 to 4.8eV.
Abstract: In this work, cobalt (Co) substituted magnesium Zinc nanocrystalline spinel ferrites having general formula Zn0.5CoxMg0.5-xFe2O4 (with x=0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) were synthesized using chemical co-precipitation method. The Cobalt substituted magnesium was annealed at 450Cand characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared s...
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